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Seeds of Change: The Science of Cannabis Genetics and Breeding

Cannabis has made a journey from the fringes of society to the forefront of modern science. The field of cannabis genetics and breeding, which has transformed our understanding, cultivation, and use of this versatile plant, is mainly responsible for this transition. Here at CCA, we’re committed to unlocking the full potential of cannabis through dedicated research and creative breeding methods.

The Importance of Cannabis Genetics

Understanding the genetics of cannabis is essential for multiple reasons:

  1. Benefits for Medicine: Distinct genetic strains have unique medicinal qualities that make them crucial for treating a variety of ailments.
  2. Agricultural Efficiency: Genetic discoveries make breeding strains more resilient to diseases, pests, and environmental challenges possible.
  3. Product Variety: Genetics can be tailored to produce various products, from medicinal strains rich in CBD to high-THC recreational strains.

The Basics of Cannabis Genetics

Like all plants, cannabis uses its DNA to transmit genetic information. The traits of the plant, including its height, yield, disease resistance, and cannabinoid profile, are determined by its genetic material. As a diploid species, cannabis inherits its chromosomes from both of its parents. Cannabis plants have a complicated genetic composition, compromising many genes that interact in intricate ways.

Breeding for Specific Traits

Cannabis is bred by choosing parent plants with desirable traits and crossing them to create offspring with those characteristics. The process might happen naturally or with the help of modern methods like genome sequencing and genetic markers.

Traditional Breeding Methods

Phenotypic selection is the basis of traditional breeding, in which plants are selected according to visible characteristics. Even though this procedure works well, it can be labor- and time-intensive. Here’s a clear outline of the steps involved:

  1. Choosing Parent Plants: Plants with desirable traits, like a high THC content or pest resistance, are chosen. When it comes to breeding, these plants act as the parent plants.
  2. Cross-pollination: Pollen is transferred from the male plant to the female plant to produce seeds. Controlled pollination guarantees that the desired features from both parent plants are merged in the offspring.
  3. Assessment: The offspring should then be grown and assessed for desirable characteristics. It entails observing and measuring traits to determine whether the offspring display the inherited qualities from the parent plants.
  4. Backcrossing: Crossing the offspring again with one of the parent plants helps to stabilize and enhance the desired qualities. This stage preserves positive traits in upcoming generations.

Modern Breeding Techniques

Genetic advancements have completely changed the breeding of cannabis plants. Modern techniques include:

Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS)

Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS) effectively uses genetic markers associated with desired characteristics when choosing parent plants. This technique greatly decreases the time and money required to create new strains with such traits.

Genome Sequencing

Genome Sequencing is mapping the cannabis genome to expedite breeding processes and comprehend the genetic basis of characteristics. This thorough genetic mapping increases strain consistency and gives breeders insightful knowledge about complicated features.

CRISPR/Cas9

CRISPR/Cas9 is a technique that permits accurate genome editing of cannabis, permitting the addition or deletion of particular genes. This method can produce strains with improved therapeutic qualities or greater resistance to illnesses and pests.

The Role of Cannabinoids and Terpenes

Cannabinoids and terpenes are the primary compounds that give cannabis its unique effects and flavors. Breeding for specific profiles of these compounds is a major focus of cannabis genetics.

Cannabinoids

Chemical substances called cannabinoids interact with the human body’s endocannabinoid system. The most well-known cannabinoids are:

  • THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol): THC is the main psychoactive compound in cannabis that gives users a “high.” Its effects on the mind are mostly caused by interactions with the brain’s CB1 receptors.
  • CBD (Cannabidiol): CBD is a non-psychoactive substance with anti-inflammatory and anti-anxiety benefits among its medicinal qualities. It is often used in medical treatments for ailments like chronic pain and epilepsy.
  • CBG (Cannabigerol): Due to its role as the precursor of both THC and CBD, CBG is frequently called the “mother of all cannabinoids.” It is being investigated for possible uses in treating inflammatory bowel disease and glaucoma.

Terpenes

Aromatic substances called terpenes give cannabis its flavor and aroma. They contribute to the effects of the plant as well. Among the typical terpenes are:

  1. Myrcene: Has calming properties and a musky, earthy scent. It can help induce sleep and is present in high concentrations in indica strains.
  2. Limonene: Offers a zesty aroma and possesses uplifting, mood-boosting qualities. It is thought to offer anti-anxiety and stress-relieving properties.
  3. Pinene: Known for its bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory properties, pinene smells like pine. It may also help with concentration and memory recall.

Goals of Cannabis Breeding

Disease Resistance

Creating strains more resistant to pests and diseases reduces the need for chemical pesticides and increases sustainability. This genetic resilience can lead to healthier crops and more reliable yields season after season.

Climate Adaptation

It is crucial to breed plants that can thrive in different environmental conditions, such as varying temperatures and moisture levels. This adaptation helps expand cultivation areas and ensure crop survival amid changing climate patterns.

Yield Improvements

Increasing the amount of usable cannabis flower is essential for meeting growing market demands efficiently. Higher yields can also improve the economic viability of cannabis cultivation by maximizing the output from each plant.

Our Top-tier Cannabis Products

The science of cannabis genetics and breeding is a dynamic and rapidly evolving field. At CCA, our marijuana dispensary Los Angeles is committed to using this knowledge to create outstanding cannabis strains that satisfy our clients’ diverse needs. Our mission is to fully unlock the potential of this amazing plant, from enhancing medical benefits to increasing agricultural efficiency. Contact us today to learn more about our top-tier cannabis products!

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Unlocking Aromas: The Critical Role of Terpenes in Cannabis

When exploring cannabis, enthusiasts and newcomers alike are often captivated by the plant’s aromatic complexity. The intoxicating scents that emanate from cannabis are a result of intricate biological processes, with terpenes at the heart of it all. We will now delve into what terpenes are, their role in cannabis, and why they matter.

What are Terpenes?

Terpenes are aromatic compounds found in many plants, including cannabis. They are responsible for giving plants their distinctive smells, such as pine trees, lavender, and oranges. They all owe their pleasant aromas to them. In cannabis, these compounds are produced in the glandular trichomes, the same glands that produce THC, CBD, and other cannabinoids.

Types of Terpenes and Their Effects

Cannabis contains over 100 terpenes, each contributing to the plant’s unique scent and flavor profile. Terpenes also significantly influence the effects of cannabis by regulating the physiological activity of cannabinoids through the entourage effect. Here are a few key terpenes found in cannabis:

  • Myrcene: It is often found in mangoes and is known for its earthy, musky aroma. Myrcene also helps other cannabinoids penetrate the blood-brain barrier more effectively, potentially increasing their effects.
  • Limonene: This citrus-scented terpene can also be found in lemon rinds and orange peels. It has mood-enhancing properties and may also provide anxiety relief.
  • Caryophyllene: With a spicy, peppery aroma, caryophyllene is the only terpene that acts as a cannabinoid by binding to CB2 receptors in the body. It is associated with anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving properties.
  • Linalool: It is known for its floral scent, reminiscent of lavender. Linalool promotes relaxation and calmness, while aiding in stress relief and sleep.

The Importance of Terpenes in Cannabis Products

Understanding terpenes is critical for both consumers and professionals within the cannabis industry. Here’s why:

  • Enhanced Therapeutic Effects: The presence of specific terpenes alters the effects of cannabis, making certain strains better suited for particular medical conditions.
  • Improved User Experience: Terpenes contribute to the complexity of cannabis, offering a more enjoyable consumption experience.
  • Product Differentiation: As the cannabis market becomes more saturated, producers create variety in their products through unique terpene profiles, catering to specific consumer preferences.

Terpenes and the Entourage Effect

A remarkable aspect of terpenes in cannabis is their ability to interact synergistically with cannabinoids to produce what is known as the entourage effect. This theory suggests that cannabis components work better together than in isolation. An example is that the presence of linalool might enhance the sedative effects of a particular cannabis strain, while myrcene could boost the potency of THC.

Choosing the Right Terpene Profile

For those who tailor their cannabis experience, choosing strains based on terpene profiles can be very beneficial. Here are a few tips:

  • Identify Your Needs: Determine what effects you are looking for (e.g., relaxation, euphoria, pain relief) and research which terpenes best suit those needs.
  • Ask for Lab Results: Reputable dispensaries often have lab results to detail the terpene profile of their available strains.
  • Start Small: Terpenes can be potent, and their effects vary widely. You should start with small amounts to evaluate your reactions to different terpene profiles.

A Superior Consumer Experience

Terpenes play a crucial role in shaping the therapeutic and sensory experiences of cannabis use. As the industry evolves, understanding these aromatic compounds will become ever more critical in creating sophisticated and effective cannabis products. At CCA, a marijuana dispensary Los Angeles, we are committed to controlling the power of terpenes and enhancing our product offerings to ensure a superior consumer experience. Contact us today for more information and updates on our products.

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Cannabis Use: Separating Fact from Fiction

Conversations surrounding cannabis use are filled with controversy, myths, and emerging scientific evidence. At CCA, we’re dedicated to dispelling myths and shedding light on its effects. Let’s embark on a journey to separate fact from fiction.

Understanding Cannabis

Before diving into its effects, it’s important to understand what cannabis is. Cannabis refers to a group of three plants with psychoactive properties, known as Cannabis sativa, Cannabis indica, and Cannabis ruderalis. When the flowers of these plants are harvested and dried, you’re left with one of the world’s most common drugs, which is also known as weed, pot, and marijuana.

Cannabis contains diverse, active compounds, the most well-known being delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). THC is the main psychoactive compound that gives cannabis its recreational and therapeutic effects. In contrast, CBD is non-psychoactive and is linked to different health benefits without causing a high.

Separating Fact from Fiction

Myth #1: Cannabis Has No Medicinal Properties

Fact: Cannabis has been scientifically proven to possess medicinal properties, debunking the myth that it lacks medical benefits. Compounds in cannabis, such as THC and CBD, are effective in treating a variety of conditions, including chronic pain, neurological disorders like epilepsy, and symptoms related to cancer treatments such as nausea and loss of appetite. These benefits have led to the FDA approval of cannabinoid-based medications.

Myth #2: Consuming Cannabis Always Results in a High

Fact: Consuming cannabis does not invariably lead to a high. The psychoactive effects of cannabis stem from THC, but many cannabis products contain little or no THC. For instance, CBD-dominant items and products made from industrial hemp, which has minimal THC content, do not produce a high. Topical cannabis products don’t enter the bloodstream, which is why they lack psychoactive effects. Therefore, not all forms of cannabis consumption result in a psychoactive experience.

Myth #3: Cannabis Is a Gateway Drug

Fact: The assumption of cannabis as a “gateway” drug lacks robust evidence. Studies suggest a correlation, not causation, between cannabis use and the later use of stronger drugs. Factors such as genetics, social environment, and mental health issues also play a role. Most cannabis users do not progress to harder substances, suggesting that the gateway hypothesis may oversimplify the complexities of drug use patterns. As cannabis legalization spreads, its effects continue to be reevaluated, challenging the traditional views of its function as a gateway drug.

Myth #4: Cannabis Use Can Be Fatal

Fact: Unlike substances with lethal toxicities, cannabis is non-toxic, meaning it won’t result in death. However, overindulgence can lead to discomfort. This is similar to the regret one might feel after excessive alcohol shots. When trying a new cannabis product, it’s crucial to start with a small amount. You can always adjust the dosage for future use to achieve the desired effect. It’s also important to remember that the effects of edible cannabis products may not be apparent for at least 30 minutes, and it might take an hour to experience the full effects.

Myth #5: Cannabis Is Highly Addictive

Fact: Cannabis is less addictive compared to many other substances, such as alcohol and tobacco. About 9% of those who use cannabis may develop cannabis use disorder, a condition characterized by a problematic pattern of use. Physical dependence on cannabis is relatively mild, with withdrawal symptoms less severe than those associated with more addictive substances. The risk of addiction can be higher in those who start using at a young age. As with any substance, individual experiences with cannabis can vary, influenced by personal health, the context of use, and individual psychological factors.

Navigating Cannabis Use

Keep the following in mind, if you’re new to cannabis:

  • Consult a Healthcare Provider: Always seek guidance from a healthcare provider to understand the potential benefits and risks based on your specific condition and history.
  • Start Low and Go Slow: Start with low dosage, especially if trying THC-containing products, to minimize adverse effects.
  • Consider CBD: For those interested in the potential benefits of cannabis without the psychoactive effects, consider trying CBD products.
  • Monitor Your Symptoms: Monitor your symptoms by tracking how they change and discussing with your healthcare provider what you notice.

The Road Ahead

As the best dispensary Los Angeles, CCA is committed to providing current, accurate insights on the effects of cannabis. By separating fact from fiction, we can approach cannabis use with a balanced perspective, appreciating its potential benefits while being aware of its risks. Let’s continue seeking and sharing credible information to support each other in making the right choices.

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Cannabis Consumption Methods: From Smoking to Edibles

For centuries, cannabis has been used for both medicinal and recreational purposes. With the recent legalization in various regions, the methods for consuming cannabis have drastically evolved. Understanding the different ways one can consume cannabis helps users make the right choices about what works best for their needs. The following explores the most popular consumption methods, from traditional smoking to innovative edibles, looking at their effects, benefits, and considerations.

Smoking Cannabis

Joints, Blunts, and Pipes

Smoking is a traditional method of cannabis consumption, which involves inhaling the smoke released by igniting cannabis flowers. Users often choose between rolling joints, packing blunts, or using pipes.

  • Joints are rolled using thin paper and contain only cannabis.
  • Blunts are rolled with thicker, tobacco-leaf paper and include a mix of tobacco and cannabis, offering a different kind of high due to the nicotine content.
  • Pipes are small, portable devices made from various materials, such as glass, metal, or wood, suitable for short sessions.

Bongs and Water Pipes

Bongs, or water pipes, use water to cool and filter the smoke before inhalation. This method is favored for its smoother hits and reduced throat irritation.

Pros and Cons of Smoking

Pros:

  • Quick Onset of Effects: Smoking allows for almost immediate absorption of substances into the bloodstream through the lungs, leading to rapid onset of effects.
  • Control Over Dosage: Users can easily regulate the amount consumed by controlling the size and number of inhalations, allowing for precise dosing.

Cons:

  • Respiratory Health Risks: Regular inhalation of smoke can lead to respiratory issues, including chronic bronchitis and an increased risk of lung infections.
  • Strong Odor and Smoke: Smoking produces a distinct smell that can cling to clothes, hair, and furniture, and the smoke can bother others nearby.
  • Health Concerns Beyond the Respiratory System: Smoking has been linked to a variety of health issues beyond the lungs, including increased risk of heart disease and various cancers.

Vaping Cannabis

Vaping involves heating cannabis products to a temperature that vaporizes, but does not combust the active ingredients. Users can vape dry herbs or oils, and vaporizers come in various forms, including pen-like devices and more sophisticated desktop models.

Pros and Cons of Vaping

Pros:

  • Health Benefits: One of the main advantages of vaping cannabis is the reduction in harmful byproducts. Smoking cannabis combusts the plant material, which produces smoke that contains carcinogens and tar, which can harm lung tissue and increase the risk of respiratory issues. Vaping produces a cleaner vapor containing fewer toxins, reducing the risk of lung irritation and potentially harmful effects.
  • Discreetness: Vaping devices produce vapor with a less pronounced odor compared to smoke from combustion. This makes it more discreet, allowing users to consume cannabis without attracting as much attention or leaving a lingering smell. The design of most vaporizers, particularly pen-style models, makes them easy to use inconspicuously.

Cons:

  • Cost: The initial investment for a quality vaporizer is higher than other consumption methods like smoking. High-quality devices are often priced higher due to their heating systems, durable materials, and advanced features like temperature control. This initial cost can be a barrier for some users.
  • Maintenance: Vaporizers require regular cleaning and maintenance to keep them functioning properly and ensure the device’s longevity. Residue from vaporized cannabis can accumulate in the device, leading to clogging and affecting the flavor and efficiency of vapor production. Regular cleaning, while ensuring optimal performance, adds an extra layer of upkeep that some users may find inconvenient.

Edibles and Beverages

Cannabis-infused foods and drinks offer an alternative to inhalation methods. The range includes baked goods, gummies, chocolates, and beverages like tea and soda. The effects of edibles can be more intense and longer-lasting than smoking or vaping. It is crucial to understand the dosage, which is typically measured in milligrams of THC.

Pros and Cons of Edibles

Pros:

  • No Respiratory Risks: Edibles offer a huge advantage for those concerned about the respiratory risks associated with smoking. This method avoids inhalation entirely, making it a safer option for lung health.
  • Longer-Lasting Effects: The effects of edibles last longer than smoking or vaping, between 4 to 12 hours. This makes them particularly beneficial for managing chronic conditions, providing extended relief from symptoms such as pain or insomnia.

Cons:

  • Delayed Onset of Effects: Unlike inhalation methods, where effects are almost immediate, edibles can have a delayed onset from 30 minutes to 2 hours. This delay can lead inexperienced users to consume more than intended, believing the initial dosage was insufficient.
  • Dosing Challenges: Accurately dosing edibles can be tricky, especially for beginners. The concentration of THC varies between different products and even within the same batch. It’s also hard to predict how one will react to a specific dose due to individual differences in metabolism and previous exposure to cannabis.

Tinctures and Oils

Tinctures are alcohol-based cannabis extracts that are usually applied under the tongue. They provide a middle ground between edibles and inhalation, offering quicker onset than edibles but longer-lasting effects than smoking.

Pros and Cons of Tinctures

Pros:

  • Easy to Dose with a Dropper: Tinctures come with a dropper to measure precise dosages. This method of delivery is advantageous for medical cannabis users who need consistent and accurate doses to manage conditions such as chronic pain or anxiety.
  • Discreet Usage and Minimal Odor: Unlike smoking or vaping, tinctures do not emit a strong cannabis smell and can be used discreetly in various settings without attracting attention. This makes them a convenient option for users who prefer to keep their cannabis use private or need to medicate without disturbing others around them.

Cons:

  • Taste Can Be Off-Putting for Some: Tinctures are often alcohol-based, which gives them a bitter or harsh flavor that some users find unpleasant. While they can be mixed with food or drinks to mask the taste, the strong flavor, when taken alone under the tongue, can be a deterrent for some people.
  • Effects Can Vary Based on Personal Metabolism: The onset and duration of effects from tinctures varies among individuals, depending on their metabolism. While tinctures offer quicker effects than edibles due to sublingual absorption (where the active compounds are absorbed directly into the bloodstream through the tissues under the tongue), the overall experience can still be unpredictable. Factors such as digestive health, body weight, and previous exposure to cannabis can influence how quickly and intensely one feels the effects, which can complicate consistent dosing for new users.

Topicals

Cannabis-infused creams, balms, and lotions are designed for external use. They are popular among those looking for localized relief without psychoactive effects.

Pros and Cons of Topicals

Pros:

  • Targeted relief: Cannabis-infused topicals offer the advantage of localized treatment, meaning they can be applied directly to the area of discomfort or inflammation. This benefits them for conditions such as arthritis, muscle soreness, or localized pain. The direct application ensures that the active ingredients work where needed, reducing swelling and alleviating pain.
  • No psychoactive effects: Since topicals are applied externally and absorbed through the skin, the cannabinoids do not enter the bloodstream in big amounts. This means they do not produce psychoactive effects, which makes them an appealing option for those who want the therapeutic benefits of cannabis without the “high” associated with other forms of consumption like smoking or ingesting.

Cons:

  • Effects are Limited to the Area of Application: The main limitation of cannabis-infused topicals is that their effects are restricted to the area where they are applied. They are not suitable for conditions that require systemic treatment or for symptoms that affect the whole body.
  • May Not Be Suitable for Those Seeking Full-Body Effects: For individuals dealing with conditions that affect multiple areas of the body, topicals might not provide adequate relief.

Contact Us Today

Cannabis consumption methods are diverse, as each offers unique benefits and considerations. Whether you prefer the immediate effects of smoking or the discreet nature of edibles, there is a method that suits every preference and need. Do not hesitate to contact

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Weed Measurements: How Much Is An Eighth, Quarter, Ounce, and More

For those who are new to the world of cannabis, it can be quite surprising to learn that cannabis has a lexicon of its own. There are numerous terms and words used to describe the type of cannabis flower, rolling methods, and even weed measurements. Understanding weed measurements, for example, is a bit more complicated than one might think. At a cannabis store, you can purchase cannabis in grams, eights, and even sometimes ounces—but how much weed do these terms actually represent? Whether you’re looking to purchase a small amount, or perhaps make a bulk cannabis purchase, it’s important to know your weed measurements. For instance, purchasing an eighth is more economically prudent than purchasing three grams of marijuana separately. For marijuana, a general rule of thumb is the more you buy, the cheaper the price—although quality is a related aspect that must also be considered. Flowers, joints, vapes, and concentrates are all measured slightly differently so it is important to understand the different measurement metrics to make a smart purchase. 

Common Cannabis Weight Measurements

Common Cannabis Weight Measurements

The common weight denominations used in the cannabis industry are:

  1. Gram 

When it comes to cannabis flowers, one gram is generally the smallest amount you can purchase at a marijuana dispensary. One gram can comfortably produce 1 to 2 joints. For many recreational marijuana users who are looking to try a new strain or a new brand, a one-gram purchase is considered a great choice. Additionally, it is considered the most popular amount among light, recreational users. 

  1. Eighth

For those wondering how much gram is an 8th of weed, it is 3.5 grams. The measurement gets its name from being an eighth of one full ounce. In other words, 8 eighths is equal to an ounce. For most people, an eighth is enough for a group of people to enjoy over a full weekend. For some marijuana connoisseurs, however, an eighth can be used up throughout a single day. Compared to buying three individual one-gram packages of cannabis, people opt to get more bang for their buck and purchase an eighth instead. To get a bit technical, an eighth can be rolled into roughly 7 half-gram joints or 14 quarter-gram bowls. How much an eighth of weed is varies based on the quality of the cannabis—ranging from as low as 25 dollars to as high as 60 dollars. 

  1. Quarter

A quarter of weed, as the name suggests, is a quarter of an ounce or seven grams. Since it’s 1/4th of a one ounce, 4 quarts is equal to a full ounce. It can also be referred to as ‘Q’ as a form of an alternative slang term. Also known as a quad, a quarter allows heavy smokers to get familiar with new strains. The price for a quarter ounce also varies depending on several factors. It can range from 50 dollars to 100 dollars. While recently some companies have begun producing cannabis packaged in quarters, the measurement is not nearly as popular as grams and eights—often, the case will likely be that you need to buy two separate eights if you want a quad. 

  1. Half Ounce 

A half-ounce of cannabis weighs in at 14 grams. It can also be referred to as a ‘half-O’. As this is a lot, half an ounce can last for about two weeks comfortably for most recreational cannabis users. 

  1. Ounce 

An ounce of marijuana equals approximately 28.5 grams of weed. It is the legal limit an individual can possess at any given time in several states, including California (although you can carry an additional  8 grams of cannabis concentrate). It is also considered the central standard “complete” unit in the world of cannabis. While purchasing an ounce is unfeasible for many recreational users, it is certainly one of the preferred quantities for marijuana aficionados. In popular culture, it is sometimes also referred to as a “zip.”

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Conclusion 

Knowing the accurate measurements will help you make a smart purchase that is exactly what you need. If you ever have a question about weed measurements, our friendly staff at CCA Silverlake is always happy to help you. Now that you have more familiarity with the different weed measurements, tag us and let us know what your preferred amount is! We’re always looking to learn more about our customers’ preferences so that our inventory can best fit your needs.